Genotype x Environment Interaction of yield traits under low temperature stress adopting different planting dates in rice (O. sativa L.)
Abstract
Low temperatures pose a major climatic problem for all rice growing countries as the rice crop growth and development requires optimum temperatures specific for each and every developmental stage. Thirty Five cold tolerant genotypes were evaluated under different dates of sowing for yield and yield related parameters, to identify high yielding genotypes suitable for late kharif and rabi seasons. Pooled analysis over environments shown highly significant mean squares due to G × E interaction for all the traits when tested against the pooled error, indicated that the genotypes interacted considerably with the environmental conditions that are associated with different dates of sowing. Significant environment linear component for all the characters indicating that the variation among the environments is linear and the linear response of genotypes to additive environmental variance. K-475, Himalaya-1, SKAU-82, Vivek Dhan -62 and Vivek Dhan -65 recorded favourable mean values for early flowering. MTU 1010 and RP-2421 are the stable genotypes for higher number of tillers. Twenty thee genotypes were found for panicle exertion, which is an important trait that influences yield under cold stress. Vivek Dhan-62, V L Dhan -207, V L Dhan -208, SKAU-339, RP-2421 and Rajendra are the stable genotypes with panicle length more than 20 cm. Spikelet fertility ranged between 70-87% in twenty five genotypes which recorded non significant deviation from regression. V L Dhan -206, SKAU-382, HPR-2373, Vivek Dhan -85, Sukaradhan-1, V L Dhan -207, Vivek Dhan -65, SKAU-389 and V L Dhan -208 registered their adaptability to wider environments for filled grains per panicle. For seed yield per plant, V L Dhan-209, V L Dhan-208, Sukaradhan-1, Vivek Dhan -65 and Himalaya-1 were considered as ideal genotypes for all seasons. Among the stable genotypes for seed yield per plant, Sukaradhan-1, Vivek Dhan -65 and Himalaya-1 showed stability for important yield contributing characters viz; days to 50% flowering, tillers per plant, panicle length, panicle exertion, spikelet fertility and filled grains per panicle.
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