Principal component analysis of sorghum landraces for yield contributing traits
Abstract
Principal component analysis was carried out with experimental material comprising of 30 sorghum land races and observations were recorded on eleven biometrical traits viz., days to 50 per cent flowering, days to maturity, plant height, the number of tillers per plant, inflorescence length, inflorescence width stem thickness, hundred seed weight, grain yield per plant, fodder yield per plant (wet) and fodder yield per plant (dry). The results of the principal component analysis indicated that four out of eleven principal components with eigenvalues >1 were obtained. Principal components 1, 2, 3 and 4 contributed 31.82, 18.41, 13.16 and 10.3 per cent towards the variation observed among accessions, respectively. Regarding the comparison of the first four principal components, variation proportional to the first component was positive for days to 50 per cent flowering, days to maturity and inflorescence length. The second principal component was negatively associated with fodder yield per plant (wet) and fodder yield per plant (dry). The third principal component was a positive influence on stem thickness whereas, other traits viz., the number of tillers per plant, hundred seed weight, grain yield per plant had contributed negatively. The fourth principal component was associated with plant height, inflorescence width negatively.
Key words: Sorghum, landraces, PCA, biometrical traits
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