Genetic analysis and diversity in early duration pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan (L.) MillSp.) genotypes
Abstract
Abstract
Genetic analysis and diversity study was done involving 68 early duration pigeonpea based on 12 quantitative traits.The genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV) and phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV) was high for traits viz., plant height (20.22, 20.77 %) pod bearing length (22.14, 23.44 %), the number of clusters per plant (23.03, 25.06 %), the number of pods per plant (21.21, 23.64 %) and the single plant yield (23.61, 34.89 %). The traits viz., plant height (94.77, 40.54 %), the number of branches per plant (78.20, 31.04 %), pod bearing length (89.18, 43.07 %), the number of clusters per plant (84.49, 43.61 %), the number pods per plant (80.51, 39.20 %) and 100 seed weight ( 94.37, 29.56 %) existed high heritability combined with high genetic advance as a proof for additive gene action and aiding in selection of these traits. The 68 pigeonpea genotypes were grouped into seven clusters based on Mahalanobis D2 statistic. The cluster II contains the maximum number of genotypes (44 genotypes) followed by cluster V with 10 genotypes. The maximum inter cluster distance (22.18) was observed for clusters VI and VII and the minimum distance (7.76) was between clusters III and IV. The cluster II recorded the maximum average cluster mean for traits viz., plant height (143.02 cm), pod bearing length (83.47 cm), the number of cluster per plant (91) and single plant yield (41.79 g). The lowest average cluster mean for single plant yield (27.42 g) and the yield attributing traits viz., the number of clusters per plant (60), the number of pods per plant (112) was observed for cluster I. The highest per cent contribution to genetic diversity is rendered by days to fifty per cent flowering (21.12 %) and the lowest contribution is observed for pod bearing length (0.83%). The genotypes CO2R (61 days) of cluster VI and ICPL19024 (64 days) of cluster I had reduced days to fifty per cent flowering and can be utilized in the breeding of early maturing pigeonpea genotypes. The genotypes viz., ICPL19002, ICPL19004, ICPL19007, ICPL19009, ICPL19010, ICPL19018 and ICPL19028 were found to be superior for yield and yeld attributing traits.Genotypes identified in the present study, could be used to develop varieties with early maturity and increased yield in pigeonpea.
Key words
Early duration pigeonpea, genetic advance as per cent of mean, genetic diversity, genetic variability, heritability.
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