Genetic analysis of rice germplasm suitable for direct and transplanted establishments
Abstract
Rice is the staple food crop for most of the population in the world especially in Asia. Due to climate change and labour shortage problems, there is a shift in rice cultivation practices in South Asia. The direct seeded rice cultivation is now preferred over transplanted rice owing to its greater advantage in mechanization and management practices. In the present study, 600 rice germplasm lines were evaluated in transplanted and direct seeded conditions (dry and wet). The principal component analysis revealed that, the first three principal components contributed for 76.54, 78.07 and 80.05 per cent for the total divergence in different establishments viz., dry seeding, wet seeding and transplanting, respectively. The traits viz., days to five per cent flowering, days to 50 per cent flowering, days to 100 per cent flowering and days to maturity contributed the maximum for the total divergence. Further, the genotypes were grouped into 10 clusters based on the dissimilarity coefficient. The clustering pattern of the different establishments was different from one another owing to the differential performance of genotypes in different establishments. The genotypes Tundus, Liu 19, Semiocho and Minchechinhsuthou were found to be very diverse from others in the current study as they were placed in the single solitary clusters in different crop establishments. The genotypes viz., White Ponni, La Hung Ku, IR 78875206B4B and Hsung Tieng 2 had performed better in all the three establishments. Hence, these lines can be used for both direct seeded and transplanted conditions.
Key words: Dry seeded, Wet seeded, Transplanted, PCA, Rice, Cluster analysis
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