COMBINING ABILITY FOR YIELD AND YIELD ATTRIBUTING TRAITS UNDER MOISTURE STRESS ENVIRONMENTS IN MAIZE (Zea mays(L.)
Abstract
Ninety one cross combinations along with 14 selected drought tolerant tropical parental lines were assessed for their combining ability in maize. The ratio of GCA:SCA variance showed the predominanace of non additive gene action for important yield contributing traits viz., cob length,cob girth, number of kernel rows per cob, number of kernels per row, grain yield per plant and protein content and would be improved by heterosis breeding.The traits such as days to 50 % tasseling and silking,ASI, days to maturity,plant height, hundred grain weight,RWC,root volume,root length and starch content had predominantly additive gene action.Based on the per se performance and gca effects, the parents P1,P2,P3 and P4 were found to be superior parents to develop hybrids with enhanced yield through improving yield related characters under moisture stress environments.Considering per se performance and sca effects,out of six hybrids which were found to be promising, P4 X P6 and P4 X P5 possessed desirable per se performance and sca effects for grain yield per plant, kernel rows per cob, number of kernels per row,100 grain weight,RWC,protein and starch content.The hybrids noticed additive X additive type of interaction can be exploited for the development of single cross hybrid under moisture stress environment and also through the population improvement programme in the development of suitable early composite or synthetic.
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