Combining ability analysis for yield and its components in bread wheat
Abstract
Combining ability was analyzed using a half diallel of nine parents in bread wheat revealed the importance of both additive as well as non-additive genetic variances for control of various traits viz. days to heading, days to maturity, plant height, tillers per plant, flag leaf area, peduncle length, spike length, number of spikelets per spike, number of grains per spike, grain yield per spike, 1000 grain weight, biological yield per plant and grain yield per plant. However, the ratio of σ2gca/ σ2sca revealed preponderance of non-additive gene actions in almost all the traits like number of grains per spike, grain yield per spike, 1000 grain weight, biological yield per plant, grain yield per plant, tillers per plant, flag leaf area, peduncle length, spike length and number of spikelets per spike. Parents, GW 404, MP 4010 and GW 366 were the good general combiners, whereas crosses GW 366 x GW 11, Raj 4037 x GW 496 and GW 322 x GW 404 were found to be best specific combiners for grain yield per plant and some of the yield contributing traits viz. tillers per plant, spike length, number of grain per spike and biological yield per plant. However on the basis of per se performance and significant sca effects for grain yield per plant and some of its important components, hybrids GW 366 x GW 11, GW 322 x GW 404 and HI 1544 x MP 4010 were considered to be most promising for further exploitation in breeding programmes.
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